Elfunat: What Is It and How Does It Work?
If you are looking for a drug that can help you with various health conditions, such as neurocirculatory dystonia, brain circulation disorders, glaucoma, acute pancreatitis, and acute coronary insufficiency, you might want to consider Elfunat. Elfunat is a solution for injections that contains ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate as the active ingredient. This substance has anti-hypoxic, antioxidant, stress-protective, nootropic, anticonvulsant, and anxiolytic effects. It can improve your brain metabolism and blood supply, microcirculation and blood rheology, platelet aggregation, and lipid profile. It can also protect your cells from oxidative damage and stabilize your membranes. In this article, we will explain what Elfunat is, what are its benefits, how it works, how to use it, and what are the possible side effects and interactions.
Introduction
What is Elfunat?
Elfunat is a brand name of a drug that contains ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate as the active ingredient. Ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate is a synthetic derivative of pyridine that belongs to the group of antioxidants. It was developed in Russia in the 1980s and has been used for various medical purposes since then. Elfunat is produced by Romfarm Company S.R.L., a pharmaceutical company based in Romania. It is available as a solution for injections in ampoules of 2 ml, containing 50 mg/ml of ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate. Each pack contains 10 ampoules.
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What are the benefits of Elfunat?
Elfunat has multiple benefits for your health, depending on the condition you are treating. Some of the main benefits are:
It increases your resistance to various damaging factors, such as shock, hypoxia, ischemia, brain circulation disorders, alcohol intoxication, and antipsychotic drugs (neuroleptics).
It improves your brain metabolism and blood supply, microcirculation and blood rheology, platelet aggregation, and lipid profile.
It reduces the enzyme toxicity and endogenous intoxication in acute pancreatitis.
It normalizes the metabolic processes in the ischemic myocardium, reduces the necrosis zone, restores and improves the electrical activity and contractility of the myocardium, increases the coronary blood flow in the ischemia zone, and reduces the consequences of reperfusion syndrome in acute coronary insufficiency.
It enhances the anti-anginal activity of nitrate drugs.
It preserves the ganglion cells of the retina and the fibers of the optic nerve in progressive neuropathy caused by chronic ischemia and hypoxia.
It improves the functional activity of the retina and optic nerve, increasing visual acuity.
How does Elfunat work?
The mechanism of action of Elfunat is based on its antioxidant and membrane-protective effects. It inhibits free radical processes, increases the activity of superoxide dismutase (an enzyme that neutralizes free radicals), increases the ratio of lipid-protein, reduces membrane viscosity, increases membrane fluidity. It also modulates the activity of membrane-bound enzymes (calcium-independent phosphodiesterase, adenylate cyclase, acetylcholinesterase), receptor complexes (benzodiazepine, GABA, acetylcholine), which enhances their ability to bind with ligands. It also regulates the synthesis, transport, and release of neurotransmitters, improves synaptic transmission, and enhances plasticity and compensatory activity of the nervous system. It also has a positive effect on the energy metabolism of cells, the utilization of glucose and oxygen, the synthesis of ATP, and the function of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It also acts as a modulator of inflammation and immunity, reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules, and factors of apoptosis. It also stimulates the regeneration processes in tissues, especially in the nervous and cardiovascular systems.
Uses of Elfunat
Elfunat is indicated for the treatment of various conditions that involve impaired blood circulation, oxygen supply, metabolism, and cellular protection. Some of the main uses are:
Neurocirculatory dystonia (NCD)
NCD is a functional disorder of the autonomic nervous system that manifests with various symptoms, such as palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, headache, fatigue, anxiety, insomnia, and mood swings. Elfunat can help to normalize the autonomic balance, reduce the manifestations of sympathetic and parasympathetic overactivity, improve the adaptation to stress and physical activity, and enhance the quality of life.
Brain circulation disorders
Brain circulation disorders are conditions that affect the blood supply to the brain, such as ischemic stroke, transient ischemic attack (TIA), chronic cerebral ischemia, vascular dementia, and traumatic brain injury. Elfunat can help to restore the blood flow to the affected areas, reduce the ischemic damage and edema, improve the neurological status and cognitive functions, prevent the recurrence of stroke or TIA, and slow down the progression of dementia.
Glaucoma
Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases that cause damage to the optic nerve due to increased intraocular pressure or impaired blood flow. Elfunat can help to lower the intraocular pressure by improving the outflow of aqueous humor, protect the optic nerve from ischemia and hypoxia by improving its blood supply and metabolism, prevent or delay the loss of vision by preserving the retinal ganglion cells and nerve fibers.
Acute pancreatitis
Acute pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas that can be caused by various factors, such as gallstones, alcohol abuse, trauma, infection, drugs, or genetic mutations. Elfunat can help to reduce the severity of pancreatitis by inhibiting the activation of pancreatic enzymes and their toxicity to pancreatic cells and other organs, reducing the oxidative stress and inflammation in the pancreas and systemic circulation.
Acute coronary insufficiency
Acute coronary insufficiency is a condition that occurs when the blood flow to the heart muscle is reduced due to a blockage or spasm of a coronary artery. It can cause symptoms such as chest pain (angina), shortness of breath (dyspnea), sweating (diaphoresis), nausea (emesis), or fainting (syncope). It can also lead to complications such as myocardial infarction (heart attack), arrhythmia (irregular heartbeat), or cardiogenic shock (low blood pressure). Elfunat can help to improve the blood flow to the heart muscle by dilating the coronary arteries, reducing the oxygen demand of the myocardium, protecting the myocardial cells from ischemic and reperfusion injury, preventing or limiting the necrosis of the myocardium, restoring and improving the electrical and mechanical function of the heart, and enhancing the anti-anginal effect of nitrates.
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How to use Elfunat
Dosage and administration
The dosage and administration of Elfunat depend on the condition you are treating, your age, weight, and response to the drug. The general recommendations are as follows:
Condition
Dosage
Administration
Neurocirculatory dystonia
50-100 mg (1-2 ampoules) per day
Intramuscularly or intravenously for 10-14 days
Brain circulation disorders
100-200 mg (2-4 ampoules) per day
Intravenously for 10-14 days, followed by oral administration of 100-200 mg (1-2 tablets) per day for 1-2 months
Glaucoma
50 mg (1 ampoule) per day
Intramuscularly or intravenously for 10 days, followed by oral administration of 50 mg (1 tablet) per day for 1 month
Acute pancreatitis
200 mg (4 ampoules) per day
Intravenously for 5-7 days, followed by oral administration of 100 mg (2 tablets) per day for 2 weeks
Acute coronary insufficiency
50-100 mg (1-2 ampoules) per day
Intravenously for 5-7 days, followed by oral administration of 50-100 mg (1-2 tablets) per day for 2 weeks
Precautions and contraindications
Before using Elfunat, you should consult your doctor and inform him or her about your medical history, allergies, current medications, and other relevant information. You should also follow these precautions and contraindications:
Do not use Elfunat if you are allergic to ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate or any other ingredient of the drug.
Do not use Elfunat if you are pregnant or breastfeeding, unless prescribed by your doctor.
Do not use Elfunat if you have severe liver or kidney impairment, unless prescribed by your doctor.
Do not use Elfunat if you have acute renal failure or hepatic coma.
Do not use Elfunat if you have epilepsy or convulsive disorders.
Do not use Elfunat if you have severe hypotension or bradycardia.
Do not use Elfunat if you have acute hemorrhagic stroke.
Do not use Elfunat if you have a history of alcohol or drug abuse.
Use Elfunat with caution if you have diabetes mellitus, as it may affect your blood glucose levels.
Use Elfunat with caution if you have peptic ulcer disease, as it may increase the risk of bleeding.
Use Elfunat with caution if you have thyroid disorders, as it may affect your thyroid function.
Use Elfunat with caution if you are elderly, as you may be more sensitive to its effects.
Use Elfunat with caution if you are driving or operating machinery, as it may cause drowsiness, dizziness, or blurred vision.
Use Elfunat with caution if you are taking other medications, especially anticoagulants, antiplatelets, antihypertensives, antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, antipsychotics, or nitrates, as it may interact with them and cause adverse effects.
Use Elfunat only as prescribed by your doctor and follow the instructions on the label. Do not exceed the recommended dose or duration of treatment.
Store Elfunat in a cool and dry place, away from light and heat. Keep it out of reach of children and pets.
Side effects and interactions
Elfunat is generally well tolerated and safe, but like any drug, it may cause some side effects and interactions. Some of the possible side effects are:
Allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, swelling, or anaphylaxis.
Gastrointestinal disturbances, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, or abdominal pain.
Nervous system disorders, such as headache, drowsiness, dizziness, insomnia, anxiety, or tremor.
Cardiovascular disorders, such as hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmia, or angina.
Hematological disorders, such as bleeding, thrombocytopenia, or leukopenia.
Endocrine disorders, such as hyperglycemia or hypothyroidism.
Ophthalmic disorders, such as blurred vision or conjunctivitis.
If you experience any of these side effects or any other unusual or severe symptoms, stop using Elfunat and seek medical attention immediately.
Some of the possible interactions of Elfunat with other drugs are:
Elfunat may enhance the effect of anticoagulants and antiplatelets (such as warfarin, heparin, aspirin), increasing the risk of bleeding. Monitor your blood coagulation parameters and adjust your dose accordingly.
Elfunat may potentiate the effect of antihypertensives and antiarrhythmics (such as beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors), causing hypotension or bradycardia. Monitor your blood pressure and heart rate and adjust your dose accordingly.
Elfunat may increase the effect of anticonvulsants (such as phenytoin, carbamazepine), reducing the seizure threshold. Monitor your seizure frequency and adjust your dose accordingly.
Elfunat may enhance the effect of antidepressants and antipsychotics (such as SSRIs, MAOIs, tricyclics, benzodiazepines), causing increased sedation, drowsiness, or dizziness. Monitor your mental status and adjust your dose accordingly.
Elfunat may decrease the effect of nitrates (such as nitroglycerin, isosorbide), reducing their anti-anginal activity. Monitor your angina symptoms and adjust your dose accordingly.
If you are taking any of these drugs or any other medications, supplements, or herbal products, inform your doctor and pharmacist before using Elfunat. They may advise you on the appropriate dosage, timing, and precautions to avoid potential interactions.
Conclusion
Summary of the main points
Elfunat is a drug that contains ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate as the active ingredient. It has antioxidant and membrane-protective effects that can help you with various health conditions, such as neurocirculatory dystonia, brain circulation disorders, glaucoma, acute pancreatitis, and acute coronary insufficiency. It can improve your blood circulation, oxygen supply, metabolism, and cellular protection. It can also reduce your inflammation, oxidative stress, and enzyme toxicity. It is available as a solution for injections that you can use intramuscularly or intravenously, depending on your condition and doctor's prescription. It is generally well tolerated and safe, but it may cause some side effects and interactions that you should be aware of and report to your doctor if they occur.
FAQs
Here are some of the frequently asked questions about Elfunat:
What is the difference between Elfunat and Mexidol?
Elfunat and Mexidol are two brand names of the same drug that contains ethylmethylhydroxypyridine succinate as the active ingredient. They have the same indications, dosage, administration, precautions, contraindications, side effects, and interactions. The only difference is that Elfunat is produced by Romfarm Company S.R.L., a Romanian pharmaceutical company, while Mexidol is produced by Pharmasoft Pharmaceuticals Ltd., a Russian pharmaceutical company.
Can I use Elfunat for anxiety?
Elfunat has anxiolytic (anti-anxiety) effects that can help you with mild to moderate anxiety disorders. However, it is not approved for this indication and you should not use it without consulting your doctor. Your doctor may prescribe you Elfunat for anxiety if he or she thinks that it is suitable for your condition and that the benefits outweigh the risks. You should follow your doctor's instructions on how to use Elfunat for anxiety and do not exceed the recommended dose or duration of treatment.
Can I use Elfunat for alcohol withdrawal?
Elfunat has anti-alcohol effects that can help you with alcohol withdrawal syndrome. It can reduce the craving for alcohol, prevent or alleviate the symptoms of withdrawal (such as tremor, sweating, nausea, anxiety), and protect your organs from alcohol-induced damage. However, it is not approved for this indication and you should not use it without consulting your doctor. Your doctor may prescribe you Elfunat for alcohol withdrawal if he or she thinks that it is suitable for your condition and that the benefits outweigh the risks. You should follow your doctor's instructions on how to use Elfunat for alcohol withdrawal and do not exceed the recommended dose or duration of treatment.
Can I use Elfunat for weight loss?
Elfunat has no direct effect on weight loss and it is not approved for this indication. However, some studies have suggested that Elfunat may have some indirect effects on weight loss by improving your metabolism, blood circulation, and lipid profile, reducing the oxidative stress and inflammation, and enhancing the regeneration of tissues. However, these effects are not proven and may vary depending on your individual characteristics and other factors. Therefore, you should not use Elfunat for weight loss without consulting your doctor. Your doctor may advise you on the appropriate dosage, timing, and precautions to use Elfunat for weight loss if he or she thinks that it is suitable for your condition and that the benefits outweigh the risks. You should also follow a balanced diet and exercise regularly to achieve optimal results.
Can I use Elfunat for COVID-19?
Elfunat has no proven effect on COVID-19 and it is not approved for this indication. However, some studies have suggested that Elfunat may have some potential benefits for COVID-19 patients by improving their oxygenation, reducing their inflammation and oxidative stress, and protecting their organs from damage. However, these studies are preliminary and have many limitations. Therefore, you should not use Elfunat for COVID-19 without consulting your doctor. Your doctor may prescribe you Elfunat for COVID-19 if he or she thinks that it is suitable for your condition and that the benefits outweigh the risks. You should follow your doctor's instructions on how to use Elfunat for COVID-19 and do not exceed the recommended dose or duration of treatment.
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